One out of every five individuals in the United Kingdom is estimated to have either diabetes or pre-diabetes. However, many may not recognize they are displaying warning signs of this condition until it becomes critical. While type one diabetes is typically detected in childhood and is not reversible or preventable in most cases, the incidence of type two diabetes in adults is increasing, presenting slightly different symptoms than expected.
Niamh McMillan, Superdrug’s Pharmacy Superintendent, advised Britons to watch for four specific symptoms that could indicate a health concern. She emphasized that symptoms for both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are quite similar, with Type 1 symptoms often appearing more abruptly and intensely than those of Type 2 diabetes.
Common signs of diabetes include increased thirst, frequent urination (especially at night), persistent hunger even after meals, and fatigue. Individuals with Type 1 diabetes may also experience unexplained weight loss.
Although these symptoms could signify various health issues beyond diabetes, it is essential for those with concerns to undergo testing. Tests may involve blood tests, specific diabetes screenings, or medical evaluations, some of which are available at Superdrug.
Diabetes arises when there is a disruption in the body’s insulin production. Insulin is crucial for breaking down food into sugar, which is then converted into energy to fuel the body. Type one diabetes occurs when the body cannot generate sufficient insulin, often due to pancreas damage from physical injury or an immune system attack on insulin-producing cells. Conversely, type two diabetes develops when the body either produces inadequate insulin or does not utilize it effectively, often stemming from prediabetes.
McMillan stressed that while there is no cure for diabetes regardless of the type, individuals with type two diabetes may achieve remission by lowering their blood sugar levels without medications.
To reduce the risk of diabetes, McMillan recommended weight loss, particularly around the waist, as the most effective approach to potentially putting type 2 diabetes into remission. Adopting a healthy diet focusing on whole, unprocessed foods like vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains can help regulate blood sugar levels and enhance insulin sensitivity. Decreasing the consumption of refined sugars and processed foods is crucial in preventing blood glucose spikes.
Increasing daily physical activity can aid in weight loss and combat prediabetes and type 2 diabetes effects. Aiming for at least 150 minutes of exercise per week, equivalent to 20-30 minutes per day, is beneficial.